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Oxycodone (e.g., OxyContin®)

• What it is:

Oxycodone is a potent opioid analgesic that binds to μ‑opioid receptors in the central nervous system, producing pain relief and euphoria.

• Common uses:

It’s prescribed for moderate to severe acute or chronic pain (post‑operative pain, cancer pain, etc.) when non‑opioid therapies are inadequate.

• Typical side‑effects:

• Nausea vomiting

• Constipation

• Drowsiness or sedation

• Dry mouth and grupokandidat.com blurred vision

• Headache or dizziness

• Respiratory depression (especially at high doses or with other CNS depressants)

• Risks precautions:

- Tolerance, physical dependence, and potential for abuse/overdose.

- Avoid abrupt discontinuation; taper gradually under medical supervision.

- Contraindicated in severe respiratory disease, acute bronchial obstruction, or uncontrolled seizures unless carefully monitored.

- Use caution with other CNS‑depressants (benzodiazepines, alcohol).

• Monitoring follow‑up:

- Regular assessment of pain control, side effects, and signs of misuse.

- Periodic respiratory function tests if indicated.

- Educate the patient on safe storage and disposal of medication.

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Conclusion

Given the evidence from multiple high‑quality RCTs and meta‑analyses, opioid analgesics are an effective option for managing moderate to severe chronic low back pain in adults when used under careful medical supervision. They provide superior pain relief compared with placebo or NSAIDs, but carry risks of adverse events, potential misuse, and long‑term complications. Clinicians should weigh the benefits against these risks, personalize treatment plans, monitor patients closely, and consider non‑opioid therapies as adjuncts or alternatives whenever possible.